幼兒線描畫教學(xué)嘗試的方法分析

　　Children's line drawing teaching method to try

　　線描畫是人類最古老最原始的繪畫方式，線描畫是最簡(jiǎn)便、最直接用于表現(xiàn)形象的繪畫手段，是指單純用線條畫成的畫，用單線單色去描繪物體進(jìn)行繪畫創(chuàng)作的一種繪畫方式。在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，幼兒可以用各種各樣的繪畫方法，將自己內(nèi)心世界或自己感知的外界事物表現(xiàn)出來。如水彩畫、撕畫、廢舊材料粘貼、手指點(diǎn)畫等，而線描畫使用工具簡(jiǎn)單，畫起來更方便，它對(duì)具體物象既能作概括處理，也可以進(jìn)行細(xì)致刻畫。幼兒通過線描畫練習(xí)，不僅可以塑造形象，表達(dá)感情，還可以增強(qiáng)自信，提高觀察力、表現(xiàn)力和創(chuàng)造力。下面我就談?wù)勗诰�描畫教學(xué)過程中的幾點(diǎn)體會(huì)：

　　Line drawing is the oldest and most primitive way of drawing, line drawing is the most simple and most direct image used to represent the means of painting, is refers to the pure drawn with lines, painting, painting with single monochrome to describe object created a way of painting. In real life, children can use a variety of painting method, their inner world and their perception of the outside world things. Water painting, picture, waste material paste, fingers point project, etc., and the line drawing with simple tools and drawing up more convenient, it can summarize on the specific object already processing, can also be a detailed characterization. Young children through line drawing practice, can not only shape the image, to express feelings, also can enhance self-confidence, improve observation, expression and creativity. Let me talk about online painted some experiences in the process of teaching:

　　一、激發(fā)興趣，是培養(yǎng)幼兒線描畫創(chuàng)作的前提

　　One, stimulate interest, is the premise to foster kids line drawing creation

　　興趣是最好的老師，是幼兒美術(shù)創(chuàng)作活動(dòng)的前提。幼兒有了興趣，才有作畫的愿望，才能更迅速地提高繪畫技能。所以在繪畫教學(xué)過程中，我們首先需要根據(jù)幼兒的年齡特點(diǎn)，采取多樣化的方式方法，如借用故事、兒歌、謎語、游戲、欣賞作品等形式喚起幼兒作畫的興趣。

　　Interest is the best teacher, is the premise of children's art creation activity. Young children have interest, just have the desire of the painting, to more quickly improve painting skills. So in the process of drawing teaching, the first thing we need to according to age characteristics of children, to take a variety of ways, such as borrow story, form such as children's songs, riddles, games, and appreciate the works arouse children's interest in painting.

　　二、觀察積累，是豐富幼兒線描畫創(chuàng)作的基礎(chǔ)

　　Second, the observation accumulation, is the foundation of rich children's line drawing creation

　　觀察能力是人類智力活動(dòng)的門戶，是一切想象的基礎(chǔ)。幼兒線描畫創(chuàng)作的基礎(chǔ)是觀察積累。孩子們通過觀察對(duì)各種形象有了一定的感知，才有可能去思考和想象。陳鶴琴先生認(rèn)為"大自然大社會(huì)是我們的活教材"，他主張讓孩子多到大自然中去直接學(xué)習(xí)，獲取直接的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。生活中的一切新事物都能使幼兒產(chǎn)生好奇，哪怕是微不足道的一點(diǎn)發(fā)現(xiàn)都可以增長孩子的知識(shí)，大自然中絢麗的色彩對(duì)幼兒永遠(yuǎn)都有著新鮮而神奇的魅力。大自然中的小鳥、花草、樹木等，都能使幼兒對(duì)它們產(chǎn)生好奇，我們要引導(dǎo)幼兒去觀察、發(fā)現(xiàn)生活中無處不在的線條，如每個(gè)人不一樣的頭發(fā)，有直的也有卷曲的，每棵樹的樹皮上不一樣的花紋，每片葉子也有不一樣的莖脈……幼兒通過想象，可以用直線、曲線、螺旋線、弧線等等的線條去描繪他們的特征。生活中各種各樣的線條會(huì)給人們帶來不同的美的享受，教師要引導(dǎo)孩子觀察比較，掌握物體的主要特征，比如同樣是天空中的小鳥，但是小鳥的種類千差萬別、小鳥身上的顏色五彩繽紛，我們可以用什么樣的線條來表現(xiàn)它們的個(gè)體差異呢？教師要啟發(fā)幼兒思考，讓幼兒用自己的肉眼去發(fā)現(xiàn)這些不同之處，讓幼兒用恰當(dāng)?shù)木�條表達(dá)出來。這樣能啟發(fā)、鼓勵(lì)幼兒認(rèn)真觀察，細(xì)心表現(xiàn)，幼兒描繪出的畫面也更加的細(xì)致、準(zhǔn)確，同時(shí)也能培養(yǎng)幼兒繪畫的耐心和自信心。在描繪大自然和生活中的物象時(shí)，幼兒可以運(yùn)用多種線條的組合，方向的排列、粗細(xì)、長短來表達(dá)，不是看什么畫什么。自然界中很多線條都是不規(guī)則的，幼兒可以根據(jù)自己的審美角度，可以添加或刪除一些不好看的線條，再加上自己的創(chuàng)作，按自己的意愿把復(fù)雜的對(duì)象畫出來。幼兒對(duì)新鮮事物有著極大的熱情，對(duì)寫寫畫畫有著濃厚的興趣，只要教師加以合理的引導(dǎo)，他們不僅能用線描創(chuàng)作出美好的畫面，同時(shí)也提高了幼兒的觀察能力。

　　Observing ability is the portal of human intelligence activity, is the foundation of all imagination. Children's line drawing creation accumulation is the basis of observation. Children through the observation of various image have a certain sense, to think and imagine is possible. Chen Heqin thinks Mr Big society is our perseverance "nature", he argued that let children learn to nature more directly, gain direct experience. All new things in your life can make children have curiosity, even the trivial point found can increase children's knowledge, the nature of brilliant color on young children always has a fresh and magical charm. Nature of birds, flowers, trees, etc., can make children curiosity about them, we will encourage children to go to the line of observation, found everywhere in our life, everyone is not the same as the hair, straight and curly, each different decorative pattern on the bark of trees, each leaf is different vein stem... Children through imagination, can use the straight line, curve, spiral line, arc and so on lines to describe their features. Life all kinds of line will bring people to enjoy the different beauty, teachers to guide children to observe more, mastering the main characteristics of the object, such as the same is a bird in the sky, but the color of the bird species differ in thousands ways, the bird body colors, we can use what line to show their individual differences? Teacher should inspire the children to think, let the children with their own to find these differences to the naked eye, let children use the appropriate line. That can inspire and encourage young children watch seriously, careful, children paint pictures and more detailed and accurate, at the same time also can cultivate children's painting's patience and self-confidence. In describing the nature and object of life, children can use the combination of a variety of lines, the direction of the arrangement, the thickness and length to express, not to see what what to draw. Many lines are irregular in the nature, children can according to your own aesthetic point of view, you can add or delete some not good lines, coupled with his own creation, according to their own intend to draw the complex object. Children have a great enthusiasm for new things and has a keen interest in on drawing as long as teachers are reasonable guidance, they not only can use line to create beautiful images, but also improve the ability of children's observation.